It is always better to fight a fire through prevention and early detection. However, with training and practice, adults can use portable fire extinguishers to extinguish small contained fires such as a cooking pan, wastebasket fire or camp fire. This may minimize property damage and prevent needless injury.
How to use a fire extinguisher
Remember to PASS when operating an extinguisher.
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
- Keep a safe distance from the fire when using the extinguisher
- Hold the extinguisher with the nozzle pointing away from you
- Remove the pin or lever release mechanism to unlock the operating lever
- Hold the extinguisher vertically and aim the nozzle at the base of the fire
- Squeeze the handle to fully release the contents of the extinguisher
- Move the nozzle from side-to-side in a sweeping motion at the base of the fire
- Fight the fire closest to you and continue the sweeping motion until the fire is extinguished
When to use an extinguisher
If you discover a fire, you can use a portable fire extinguisher if:
- Everyone has left the fire area and is evacuating the building
- The fire department has been called
- The fire is contained to a small area
- A clear escape route exists between you and the fire
- There is an appropriate working fire extinguisher available
- You have read the extinguisher instructions and received training in its safe operation
When not to use an extinguisher
- If you don't know how to use it
- If you are breathing in smoke or gases
- If the fire is larger than you are
NOTE: A portable fire extinguisher is designed for a "small" contained fire
Types of fire extinguishers
- CLASS A - Materials normally found around the home (i.e., wood, paper, cloth and rubber)
- CLASS B - Flammable or combustible liquids (i.e., grease, oil-based, lacquers and some rubbers)
- CLASS C - Energized electrical equipment and household appliances (i.e., televisions, radios and stoves)
- CLASS D - Combustible metals (i.e., magnesium, sodium or potassium)
Maintain your extinguisher
- Check the pressure gauge each month to ensure the device is holding its charge
- Refill or replace your extinguisher after each use
- Rechargeable extinguishers should be serviced by a professional after every use
- Disposable extinguishers must be replaced after use
Where to put your extinguisher
- Extinguishers should be located in areas that contain potential fire hazards including the kitchen, workshop, garage and basement
- In each area, place the extinguisher near the door so you can reach it easily, extinguish the fire and safely escape